Configure Vlan vtp server stp dtp
In our pervious article you learnt about the feature of switching. To read these articles you can follow these links.
Method of switching basic functions
Spanning tree protocols stp
Virtual lan trunk tagging dtp vtp vtp pruning
In this tutorial I will demonstrate that how can you
- Configure Access or Trunk links
- Create VLAN
- Assign VLAN membership
- Configure Intra VLAN routing
- Configure VTP Server
- Make VTP Clients
- Show STP Static
- Configure DTP port
Advance switch configuration
Let's start configuration first assign IP address to all pc's
To assign IP address double click on pc and select ip configurations from desktop tab and give ip address as shown in table given above
As we have already configure VTP server in our network so we don't need to create VLAN on S2 or S3. We need only to associate VLAN with port.
Now we have two working vlan. To test connectivity do ping form 10.0.0.2 to 10.0.0.3 and 10.0.0.4. if you get successfully replay then you have successfully created VLAN and VTP server.
You can test STP protocols status on S1 and S3also with
show spanning-tree active command
To test connectivity between different vlan do ping form any pc to all reaming pc. it should be ping successfully. If you have error download this configured topology and cross check that where you have committed mistake.
| PC configurations | |||
| Devices | IP Address | VLAN | Connected With |
| PC0 | 10.0.0.2 | VLAN10 | Switch1 on F0/1 |
| PC1 | 20.0.0.2 | VLAN20 | Switch1 on F0/2 |
| PC2 | 10.0.0.3 | VLAN10 | Switch2 on F0/1 |
| PC3 | 20.0.0.3 | VLAN20 | Switch2 on F0/2 |
| PC4 | 10.0.0.4 | VLAN10 | Switch3 on F0/1 |
| PC5 | 20.0.0.4 | VLAN20 | Switch3 on F0/2 |
| 2960 – 24 TTL Switch 1 Configuration | |||
| Port Connected to | VLAN | LINK | STATUS |
| F0/1 With PC0 | VLAN10 | Access | OK |
| F0/2 With PC1 | VLAN20 | Access | OK |
| Gig1/1 With Router | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | OK |
| Gig 1/2 With Switch2 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | OK |
| F0/24 Witch Switch2 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | OK |
| 2960 – 24 TTL Switch 2 Configuration | |||
| F0/1 With PC0 | VLAN10 | Access | OK |
| F0/2 With PC1 | VLAN20 | Access | OK |
| Gig 1/2 With Switch1 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | OK |
| Gig 1/1 With Switch3 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | OK |
| F0/24 Witch Switch1 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | Blocked |
| F0/23 Witch Switch3 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | OK |
| 2960 – 24 TTL Switch 3 Configuration | |||
| F0/1 With PC0 | VLAN10 | Access | OK |
| F0/2 With PC1 | VLAN20 | Access | OK |
| Gig 1/1 With Switch2 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | OK |
| F0/24 Witch Switch1 | VLAN 10,20 | Trunk | Blocked |
Task
You are the administrator at ComputerNetworkingNotes.com. company have two department sales and management. You have given three pc for sales and three pc in management. You created two VLAN. VLAN 10 for sales and VLAN20 for management. For backup purpose you have interconnected switch with one extra connection. You have one router for intera VLAN communications.Let's start configuration first assign IP address to all pc's
To assign IP address double click on pc and select ip configurations from desktop tab and give ip address as shown in table given above
VLAN Trunking Protocol
Configure VTP Server
We will first create a VTP Server so it can automatically propagate VLAN information to other switch. Double click on Switch1 and select CLI. Set hostname to S1 and create VTP domain name example and set password to vinita ( Remember password is case sensitive ).Switch 1
Switch>enable Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#hostname S1 S1(config)#vtp mode server Device mode already VTP SERVER. S1(config)#vtp domain example Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example S1(config)#vtp password vinita Setting device VLAN database password to vinita
Configure VTP clients
Once you have created a VTP domain. Configure remaining Switch to Client mode.Switch 2
Switch>enable Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#hostname S2 S2(config)#vtp mode client Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode. S2(config)#vtp domain example Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example S2(config)#vtp password vinita Setting device VLAN database password to vinita S2(config)#
Switch 3
Switch>enable Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#hostname S3 S3(config)#vtp mode client Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode. S3(config)#vtp domain example Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example S3(config)#vtp password vinita Setting device VLAN database password to vinita S3(config)#
Dynamic Trunking Protocol
Configure DTP port
All Switch ports remain by default in access mode. Access port can not transfer the trunk frame. Change mode to trunk on all the port those are used to interconnect the switchesSwitch 1
S1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24 S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24, changed state to up S1(config-if)#exit S1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1 S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk S1(config-if)#exit S1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/2 S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/2, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/2, changed state to up S1(config-if)#exit S1(config)#
Switch 2
S2(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1 S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/1, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/1, changed state to up S2(config-if)#exit S2(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/2 S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk S2(config-if)#exit S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/23 S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/23, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/23, changed state to up S2(config-if)#exit S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24 S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk S2(config-if)#exit
Switch 3
S3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24 S3(config-if)#switchport mode trunk S3(config-if)#exit S3(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1 S3(config-if)#switchport mode trunk S3(config-if)#exit
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
Create VLAN
After VTP server configuration its time to organize VLAN. We need only to create VLAN on VTP server and reset will be done by VTP Server automatically.Switch 1
S1(config)#vlan 10 S1(config-vlan)#exit S1(config)#vlan 20 S1(config-vlan)#exit S1(config)#
As we have already configure VTP server in our network so we don't need to create VLAN on S2 or S3. We need only to associate VLAN with port.
Assign VLAN membership
Switch 1
S1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1 S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 S1(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2 S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
Switch 2
S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1 S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 S2(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2 S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
Switch 3
S3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1 S3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 S3(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2 S3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
Now we have two working vlan. To test connectivity do ping form 10.0.0.2 to 10.0.0.3 and 10.0.0.4. if you get successfully replay then you have successfully created VLAN and VTP server.
Spanning-Tree Protocol
In this configuration STP will block these ports F0/24 of S1 , F0/23 and F0/24 of S2 and F0/24 of S3 to avoid loop at layer to two. Verify those ports blocked due to STP functionsVerify STP ports
Switch 2
S2#show spanning-tree active VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32769 Address 0002.174D.7794 Cost 4 Port 26(GigabitEthernet1/2) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1) Address 00D0.FF08.82E1 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 20 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------- Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p Fa0/23 Desg FWD 19 128.23 P2p Fa0/24 Altn BLK 19 128.24 P2p Gi1/1 Desg FWD 4 128.25 P2p Gi1/2 Root FWD 4 128.26 P2p [Output is omitted] S2#
You can test STP protocols status on S1 and S3also with
show spanning-tree active command
Router on Stick
At this point of configurations you have two successfully running VLAN but they will not connect each other. To make intra VLAN communications we need to configure router . To do this double click on router and select CLI.Configure intra VLAN
Router
Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0 Router(config-if)#no ip address Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.10 Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10 Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Router(config-subif)#exit Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.20 Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20 Router(config-subif)#ip address 20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 Router(config-subif)#exit
To test connectivity between different vlan do ping form any pc to all reaming pc. it should be ping successfully. If you have error download this configured topology and cross check that where you have committed mistake.
Configured VLAN VTP STP topology
VLAN VTP Server STP DTP command reference sheet
| Switch(config)#vlan 10 | Creates VLAN 10 and enters VLAN configuration mode for further definitions. |
| Switch(config-vlan)#name Sales | Assigns a name to the VLAN. The length of the name can be from 1 to 32 characters. |
| Switch(config-vlan)#exit | Applies changes, increases the revision number by 1, and returns to global configuration mode. |
| Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1 | Moves to interface configuration mode |
| Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access | Sets the port to access mode |
| Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 | Assigns this port to VLAN 10 |
| Switch#show vlan | Displays VLAN information |
| Switch#show vlan brief | Displays VLAN information in brief |
| Switch#show vlan id 10 | Displays information about VLAN 10 only |
| Switch#show vlan name sales | Displays information about VLAN named sales only |
| Switch#show interfaces vlan x | Displays interface characteristics for the specified VLAN |
| Switch#delete flash:vlan.dat Delete filename [vlan.dat]? Delete flash:vlan.dat? [confirm] Switch# | Removes the entire VLAN database from flash. Make sure there is no space between the colon (:) and the characters vlan.dat. You can potentially erase the entire contents of the flash with this command if the syntax is not correct. Make sure you read the output from the switch. If you need to cancel, press ctrl+c to escape back to privileged mode: |
| Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/5 | Moves to interface configuration mode. |
| Switch(config-if)#no switchport access vlan 5 | Removes port from VLAN 5 and reassigns it to VLAN 1—the default VLAN. |
| Switch(config-if)#exit | Moves to global configuration mode. |
| Switch(config)#no vlan 5 | Removes VLAN 5 from the VLAN database. |
| Switch#copy running-config startupconfig | Saves the configuration in NVRAM |
| Switch(config-if) #switchport mode trunk | Puts the interface into permanent trunking mode and negotiates to convert the link into a trunk link. |
| Switch(config)#vtp mode server | Changes the switch to VTP server mode. |
| Switch(config)#vtp mode client | Changes the switch to VTP client mode. |
| Switch(config)#vtp mode transparent | Changes the switch to VTP transparent mode. |
| Switch(config)#no vtp mode | Returns the switch to the default VTP server mode. |
| Switch(config)#vtp domain domain-name | Configures the VTP domain name. The name can be from 1 to 32 characters long. |
| Switch(config)#vtp password password | Configures a VTP password . |
| Switch(config)#vtp pruning | Enables VTP pruning |
| Switch#show vtp status | Displays general information about VTP configuration |
| Switch#show vtp counters | Displays the VTP counters for the switch |
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